Preferred Name

fiat object part

Synonyms

认知物体部分

ID

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024

alternative term

认知物体部分

BFO CLIF specification label

FiatObjectPart

BFO OWL specification label

fiat-object-part

editor note

BFO 2 Reference: Most examples of fiat object parts are associated with theoretically drawn divisions

elucidation

b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])

b 是认知物体部分 定义为: b 是一种物质实体,且对于所有的时间 t,如果 b 存在于时间 t ,则存在某物体 c 使得该 b 在时间t 是c的真常体部分(continuant_part_of) ,且 c 由 c 与某一个二维常体认知边界的差所界定。(axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])

example of usage

the FMA:regional parts of an intact human body.

the Western hemisphere of the Earth

the division of the planet into hemispheres

身体的背面和腹面

完整人体的FMA:regional部分

行星的半球划分

大脑分区

左肺的上下叶

the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body

the upper and lower lobes of the left lung

the division of the brain into regions

或者出于实际原因由认知主体所作出的划分,例如将蛋糕 (在切片之前)分成(将成为)多个切片 (即组成物件集的成员部分)。然而,这并不意味着认知物件部分的存在依赖于认知主体可影响的划分或描绘。例如,如果将地球的地质层设想为地球的认知物件部分是正确的,那么即使这些地质层在最近的时候被首次描述出来,它们也已经存在了很久了,这些地质层例如最早的地质层也是最下面的地质层)所承载的东西也并非因为我们的描述行为从开始承载的。有人会觉得BFO对BFOExamples中的物质实体的处理,对于认知物件部分、物件和物件集的三分法会存在一些有问题的案例,包括贻贝(附着)在岩石上、黏菌、比萨饼、云、星系、带引擎的多个车厢的列车、颤杨的克隆树、细菌群落 (生物膜)、骨折的股骨。注意,正如亚里斯多德已经清楚地认识到的那样,这种有问题的案例 — — 位于或接近被讨论的范畴的灰色地带 — — 并不会使这些范畴失效。灰色物件的存在并不能证明黑色物件和白色物件不存在。骡子的存在不能证明驴和马的不存在。然而,它确实表明,需要认真处理这些存在问题的案例,以此来说明如何将它们纳入拟定的方案,如可以通过识别出附加的子类。

地球的西半球

or with divisions drawn by cognitive subjects for practical reasons, such as the division of a cake (before slicing) into (what will become) slices (and thus member parts of an object aggregate). However, this does not mean that fiat object parts are dependent for their existence on divisions or delineations effected by cognitive subjects. If, for example, it is correct to conceive geological layers of the Earth as fiat object parts of the Earth, then even though these layers were first delineated in recent times, still existed long before such delineation and what holds of these layers (for example that the oldest layers are also the lowest layers) did not begin to hold because of our acts of delineation.Treatment of material entity in BFOExamples viewed by some as problematic cases for the trichotomy of fiat object part, object, and object aggregate include: a mussel on (and attached to) a rock, a slime mold, a pizza, a cloud, a galaxy, a railway train with engine and multiple carriages, a clonal stand of quaking aspen, a bacterial community (biofilm), a broken femur. Note that, as Aristotle already clearly recognized, such problematic cases – which lie at or near the penumbra of instances defined by the categories in question – need not invalidate these categories. The existence of grey objects does not prove that there are not objects which are black and objects which are white; the existence of mules does not prove that there are not objects which are donkeys and objects which are horses. It does, however, show that the examples in question need to be addressed carefully in order to show how they can be fitted into the proposed scheme, for example by recognizing additional subdivisions [29

has associated axiom(fol)

(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004]

isDefinedBy

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl

label

fiat object part

名义物体部分

prefixIRI

BFO:0000024

prefLabel

fiat object part

subClassOf

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040

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http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Protein Ontology / 蛋白质本体 LOOM
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Protein Ontology / 蛋白质本体 SAME_URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 中国人类表型本体 / Human Phenotype Ontology China LOOM
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 中国人类表型本体 / Human Phenotype Ontology China SAME_URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Ontology of Genes and Genomes / 基因和基因组本体 SAME_URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Basic Formal Ontology / 基本形式化本体 LOOM
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Basic Formal Ontology / 基本形式化本体 SAME_URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Information Artifact Ontology / 信息工具本体 LOOM
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Information Artifact Ontology / 信息工具本体 SAME_URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Ontology for Biomedical Investigations / 生物医学研究本体 LOOM
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Ontology for Biomedical Investigations / 生物医学研究本体 SAME_URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Cell Line Ontology Subset for Chinese National Infrastructure of Cell Line Resource (NICR) / 国家实验细胞资源共享服务平台(NICR)细胞系本体子集 LOOM
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Cell Line Ontology Subset for Chinese National Infrastructure of Cell Line Resource (NICR) / 国家实验细胞资源共享服务平台(NICR)细胞系本体子集 SAME_URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Coronavirus Infectious Disease Ontology / 冠状病毒感染性疾病本体 LOOM
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Coronavirus Infectious Disease Ontology / 冠状病毒感染性疾病本体 SAME_URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Ontology for General Medical Science / 通用医学科学本体 LOOM
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Ontology for General Medical Science / 通用医学科学本体 SAME_URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 International Classification of Diseases Ontology / 国际疾病分类本体 LOOM
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 International Classification of Diseases Ontology / 国际疾病分类本体 SAME_URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Ontology for Biobanking / 生物样本库本体 LOOM
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Ontology for Biobanking / 生物样本库本体 SAME_URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Informed Consent Ontology / 知情同意本体 LOOM
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Informed Consent Ontology / 知情同意本体 SAME_URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Environment Ontology / 环境本体 LOOM
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 Environment Ontology / 环境本体 SAME_URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 GenEpiO / 基因组流行病学本体 LOOM
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 GenEpiO / 基因组流行病学本体 SAME_URI
http://www.ifomis.org/bfo/1.1/snap#FiatObjectPart MicroRNA Ontology / MicroRNA本体 LOOM