loading...| Preferred Name |
material entity |
| Definitions |
An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. |
| ID |
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 |
| BFO CLIF specification label |
物质实体(MaterialEntity) MaterialEntity MaterialEntity |
| BFO OWL规范标签 |
material material 物质 |
| editor preferred label |
物质实体 material entity |
| example of usage |
一阵龙卷风 一个海浪 一阵烟雾 a tornado an energy wave a puff of smoke a hurricane 一个人的无袖手臂 一个人 the undetached arm of a human being 火焰 a flame a photon 人类的一个总和。 an aggregate of human beings. 一个光子 a sea wave 一个能量波 森林大火 飓风 一场流行病 an epidemic a human being a forest fire |
| has associated axiom(nl) |
Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002]) every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002]) 物质实体为常体部分的每个实体也是物质实体。 （BFO2公理标签参考：[021-002]） 以一个物质实体作为常体部分的每个实体都是物质实体。 （BFO2公理标签参考：[020-002]） |
| id |
BFO:0000040 |
| isDefinedBy | |
| label |
物质实体 material entity |
| notation |
BFO:0000040 |
| prefLabel |
material entity |
| textual definition |
An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. 一个独立常体，是空间扩展的，其性质独立于其他实体，可以通过时间来维持。 |
| 具有相关联的公理（fol） |
(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] |
| 引自 |
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pr.owl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/clo.owl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ogg.owl |
| 有_obo_命名空间 |
bfo |
| 编者注 |
BFO 2参考：物质实体（常体）甚至可以在获得和丢失物质部分时保持其性质。常体与行体形成对比，后者在连续的时间部分或阶段展开自己[60] BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here. BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60 BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity. BFO 2参考：对象，许可对象部分和对象聚合并是材料实体的细节。邀请用户提出物质实体的新子类别。 BFO 2参考文献：“物质”旨在涵盖质量和能量（我们将在BFO的后续版本中介绍对部分能量的本体处理）。物质的一部分是任何包括基本粒子在内的适当或不适当的部分：夸克和轻子，包括电子，是迄今为止发现的最小的粒子；重子粒子在更高的粒度水平（包括质子和中子）；原子和分子的含量更高，形成由生物学家研究的细胞、器官、生物体和其他物质实体，由地质学家研究的岩石部分，由古生物学家研究的化石等等。物质实体是三维实体（在三个空间维度上扩展的实体），与它们参与的过程相反，它们是四维实体 （实体也沿着时间维度延伸）。根据FMA，物质实体可以有作为部分的非物质实体-包括下面标识为位置的实体；例如你的小肠的内部（或“腔”）是您身体的一部分。 BFO 2.0在这里体现了遵循FMA的决定。 |
| 说明 |
一个物质实体是一个独立常体，它的某些部分是适当的或不适当的常体部分。 （BFO2公理标签参考：[019-002]） A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002]) |
| subClassOf |